翻譯項目流程

전문 번역 과정

높은 정확도와 합리적인 가격의 번역 서비스 제공

Chris Translation의 가장 큰 특징 중 하나는 항상 고객에게 가장 합리적인 가격을 제공한다는 점입니다. 많은 사람들은 가격이 높은 번역 회사가 더 좋은 품질을 제공할 것이라고 생각하지만, 현실은 그렇지 않을 때도 많습니다.

번역 회사를 선택할 때, 가격이 높은 회사가 같은 서비스를 제공하는 저렴한 회사보다 더 나은 품질을 보장하지 않습니다. 따라서 품질이 뛰어나고 합리적인 가격의 번역 서비스를 찾고 있다면, Chris Translation은 최고의 선택입니다.

고객이 어디에 있든, Chris Translation의 전문적인 서비스는 귀하와 고객 간의 좋은 관계를 형성하고 유지하는 데 도움을 줄 수 있습니다. 우리는 귀하의 문서에 맞는 최적의 번역가를 선정할 수 있습니다. 내용이 어떤 범주에 속하든, Chris는 가장 적합한 인재를 선정해 서비스를 제공합니다. 독창적인 기술 소프트웨어를 결합하여 품질과 효율성 모두에서 앞서 나갑니다.

우수한 번역 품질

언제나 번역 품질은 우리의 최우선 관심사입니다. 우리는 엄격한 번역 품질 관리 절차를 구축하여 최종 번역본을 고객에게 전달하기 전에 모든 오류를 발견하고 수정할 수 있도록 합니다. 16년 전부터 우리는 자체 번역 프로젝트 관리 시스템을 개발해왔으며, 여러 번의 업데이트를 거쳐 현재 시장에서 가장 발전된 번역 프로젝트 관리 시스템 중 하나가 되었습니다. 이를 통해 번역 프로젝트의 진행 상황을 실시간으로 추적할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 번역가와 교정자와 즉시 연락해 진행 상황을 확인할 수 있습니다.



品質管制


Chris Translation的翻譯質量

https://youtu.be/7b2XGu2lw3M

Chris Translation Service Company 是您的翻譯服務商建立良好的合作關係。

如果您投入了大量時間與精力,為貴公司創作了引人共鳴的高品質內容,當您將這些內容交給 Chris Translation 的專業翻譯人員時,您自然希望確保翻譯後的文件質量卓越,並忠實保留原文的含義。

為了達成這一目標,您與 Chris Translation 之間的合作至關重要。畢竟,若沒有您的指導與協助,即使是最才華洋溢的譯者也難以真正掌握貴公司品牌的調性與風格。因此,您對翻譯過程的意見以及主題專業知識,往往決定了您所獲得的是平庸的翻譯,還是能夠贏得新市場潛在客戶青睞的優質內容。


進行即時翻譯評估的質量管理系統

結合綜合流程,傑師翻譯的質量管理系統能即時評估資源的運用率及項目狀態。我們會持續更新每個項目的最新情況,每日檢查項目狀態,並部署符合 ISO 9001:2015 和 ISO 17100:2015 要求的既定流程,以處理任何滯後工作。每個項目的規劃都充分考慮可能出現的挑戰,確保具備足夠能力應對人力資源和工作環境的變化。因此,傑師翻譯一直能夠嚴格遵守承諾的交付日期,並實現百分之百的交付可靠性。您可以在我們的網站上獲取更多資訊。

自1982年起,Chris Translation開始發展全面質量管理系統,並持續沿用至今。從項目報價到最終交付文件,我們的系統不斷進行審查,以確保所有翻譯文件在交到客戶手上時都符合高標準。

雖然擁有適當能力的翻譯師和先進的系統是高質素翻譯的雙重保證,但整個過程的流暢無誤亦依賴於嚴謹的質量控制。傑師翻譯始終致力於提供卓越的翻譯服務,確保客戶的需求得到充分滿足。


翻譯流程管理




系統開發/研究開發

全天候服務

無論何時,傑師翻譯始終樂意為各界提供全天候服務,甚至在周日晚上,我們也能為客戶翻譯所需的文件。事實上,翻譯任何文件的首要前提是確保受眾能夠理解所傳遞的信息。因此,我們堅持在翻譯和校對兩個關鍵階段中嚴格遵守項目管理流程。因為我們深知客戶的需求,我們始終將準確性和翻譯質量放在首位,確保每份譯文都符合最高標準。


協調

在整個翻譯過程中,翻譯師必須與客戶保持緊密聯絡,以便在出現任何混淆情況時能迅速了解並澄清問題。這不僅能節省時間,還能提高效率和客戶滿意度。傑師翻譯始終秉持對高質量翻譯的承諾,確保所聘請的翻譯師能在其熟悉的領域內提供優秀且專業的翻譯服務,以滿足客戶的要求。透過堅守這一標準,我們向客戶保證能夠持續提供超乎預期的服務。

在許多情況下,翻譯具有重要意義,而一絲不苟的翻譯服務更是至關重要,因為任何錯誤都可能帶來深遠的影響。因此,我們深知翻譯文件必須始終保持百分之百的準確性,絕不能出現任何差錯。



翻譯品質 (機密)

傑師翻譯致力於透過聘請合適的翻譯人員和運用有效的系統,為客戶提供超越其期望的高質量服務。

以下是我們經驗證有效的質量控制流程:

在收到客戶文件後,我們將指派一名項目經理負責跟進。該項目經理將與質量保證經理密切合作,從內容、風格、術語、媒體格式等多個角度對文件進行初步分析,以確定涉及的學術領域及翻譯師所需的專業知識,並根據分析結果制定詳細的項目實施指南。

分析文件

在確定文件性質後,項目經理將挑選最合資格和適合的人選組成項目團隊。該團隊由項目經理、翻譯師(如涉及大型項目,將指派多於一位翻譯師)、編輯/校對員(如涉及大型項目,將指派多於一位編輯/校對員)、排版專家、資訊科技專家以及品質保證經理組成。

組成項目團隊

為特定項目創建詞彙表是確保翻譯質量的關鍵因素。因此,我們開發了專門為專業術語提供精確詞彙的軟件作為增值服務,以確保翻譯標準的一致性和穩定性。這過程包括以下兩個主要步驟:

  1. 詞彙表的創建:從需要翻譯的文件中識別出專業術語和頻繁出現的詞彙,並根據以下步驟建立詞彙表: a) 使用行業或領域內技術詞典中的標準翻譯詞彙; b) 利用搜尋工具和平台(如Google)查找最新的技術術語; c) 發展和累積我們專有的術語數據庫和詞彙表,以供客戶、產品公司、各行業和地區使用。

  2. 電腦輔助翻譯 (CAT) 工具的應用:我們運用 TRADOS 等 CAT 工具,確保在所有文件中使用一致的術語,以提高翻譯的一致性。

詞彙表由項目團隊成員負責創建,並由項目經理進行最終審核和修訂。

建立高質素的詞彙表

在詞彙表建立後,我們會將文件分配給一名或多名具備相關學術背景且以目標語言為母語的專業翻譯師。他們會按照項目經理確定的指引和詞彙表進行翻譯。這些翻譯師不僅對自己所熟悉的領域有深入的了解,還擁有豐富的專業術語資源。他們的主要職責是提供準確、流暢且符合語境的譯文,並在交予編輯/校對人員前仔細檢查翻譯內容。

在翻譯過程中,項目經理與翻譯師之間保持持續的溝通,確保項目順利進行。在處理大型或緊急項目時,項目經理將全程負責協調,確保翻譯師之間的有效合作,並及時處理任何翻譯中出現的問題,以提高效率並確保按時交付高質量的翻譯成果。

翻譯過程中

在此過程中,翻譯後的文本會進行本地化和潤色。編輯與翻譯師會根據文化、習俗以及當地慣用的表達方式對譯文進行調整,確保目標語言的語法更貼近當地讀者的閱讀習慣。在保持內容準確性的基礎上,逐字逐句的翻譯模式將被更具創意的文字或文案寫作取代,令譯文更自然流暢,如同原文直接以目標語言撰寫,而不是翻譯過來的文章。

在編輯完成審閱後,譯文會回到翻譯師手中,讓他們檢視編輯的改動並提出質疑或建議。任何異議都將在將譯文提交給校對人員前,由編輯和翻譯師協商解決。為了確保透明度,所有修改或錯誤都將通過「跟踪更改」工具顯示,讓翻譯師對改動進行檢視和確認。

編輯

校對通常被視為質量控制的關鍵步驟。因此,我們會安排兩名校對員仔細審核經過編輯的譯文。第一位母語為原文語言的校對員將專注於詞彙的準確性、拼寫、文化含義、語法和慣用語的正確使用。第二位母語為目標語言的校對員則會著重於文本的流暢性、一致性、詞彙選擇的適當性和整體結構的合理性。簡而言之,第一位校對員的主要任務是確保譯文忠實反映原文的意義,而第二位校對員則側重確保譯文的語言表達自然且符合目標語言的文化和習慣。

當第一位校對員對翻譯的質量感到滿意後,譯文才會交由第二位校對員進行審查。如果任何一位校對員對翻譯質量不滿意,譯文將返回編輯進行進一步修正。譯文只有在第二位校對員完全確認無誤後,才會進入排版階段。與編輯過程相似,校對過程中的每個錯誤或改動都會使用「跟踪更改」工具進行標註,方便編輯審核並進行最終修訂。

校對

排版,亦稱為桌面排版(DTP)。在校對完成後,我們的DTP專員將使用FrameMaker、Illustrator、PageMaker、InDesign或其他DTP軟件來處理文本中的表格和圖形,並檢查排版效果。如果翻譯文件需要進行DTP處理,我們會在完成編輯和校對後進行進一步的檢查,然後再交付給客戶。

排版 (DTP)

一般情況下,質量保證(QA)經理會隨機抽樣檢查DTP文件的10%至20%,以確保文本的專業編寫,並檢查表格和圖形是否正確嵌入文件中。如果在單個文件中發現兩個或以上的錯誤,則必須重新檢查整份文件。在這種情況下,文件將被交還至校對人員進行重新檢查。QA經理可以根據具體情況自行修改文件,或將其返還給校對員以便進行進一步的審查和修改。

質量保證審查

在翻譯經質量保證(QA)經理確認後,最終結果將在文件最終確定之前發送至客戶,以獲取他們的評價或修改要求(如有)。如果客戶無異議或提出意見,則該譯文將被視為已接受。

徵求客戶意見

質量保證(QA)經理會根據客戶的具體意見或修改建議對譯文進行調整,屆時翻譯工作將被視為已完成。根據客戶的偏好,公司將以電子版或列印文件的形式將譯文交付給客戶。

定稿及交付

在項目交付後,我們將根據長期忠誠客戶計劃,繼續以優惠價格為客戶提供未來的翻譯文件更新服務。我們還會為每位客戶建立一個與其未來項目相關的術語庫,以提升翻譯質量的專業水準。

售後服務

無論是一次性任務還是正在進行的項目,我們都會在交付工作後,向所有客戶發送標準客戶反饋表,以獲取他們對我們服務的評價。我們歡迎客戶提出坦率的意見和建議,以進一步提升我們的服務水平。這將幫助我們了解當前的表現,並指導我們如何更好地滿足及超越客戶對長期合作夥伴的期望。

客戶反饋的質量調查

我們並無最低消費的要求,將根據原文每字收費1港元。因此,您無需擔心支付最低消費的問題。

客戶為何喜歡使用我們的服務?


我們的專業團隊致力令每一位客戶都百分百滿意。 客戶評論。










傑師翻譯有限公司,您可值得信賴

“在本地化解決方案方面,傑師翻譯提供最有效的結構和設備,以確保任何項目的最高質量!”

專業領域配對

以質量為導向的技術

內部翻譯員知識

全天候專屬經理跟進

以回報為驅動的本地化解決方案

ISO 認證流程

文件的翻譯項目需要更高水平的語言專業知識,因為翻譯師熟悉的方言和文化背景會直接影響翻譯的準確性和意義。無論文件類型如何,傑師都會指派一支嚴格遵循文件翻譯流程的專業團隊進行處理,具體流程如下:

在翻譯之前,請再次檢查原文內容是否符合您的標準。若內文品質較差,即使翻譯成另一種語言,品質提升的幅度也可能有限。請特別注意內容是否過時、上次更新的時間,以及其中的資訊是否正確。這對於技術性內容尤為重要,因為負責翻譯的譯者可能不是您所屬主題領域的專家。因此,您必須確認原始內容的資訊及語氣正確無誤,以便譯者能夠準確翻譯。

僅憑您提供的文字,有時難以了解確切的意義。在這種情況下,如果您能為翻譯團隊提供網站的模擬環境,他們將能實際查看內容的樣貌及上下文脈絡。這對於為全球市場開發新網頁或計劃在多個地區推出廣告活動時尤其實用。此外,您也可以提供相關團隊網頁應用程式的存取權,以便他們檢查和測試與翻譯內容相關的使用者介面 (UI) 元素。

請務必與承攬專案的服務商協調,了解譯者和在地母語審閱人員需要多少時間來完成專案相關工作(包括校對)。在規劃交付期限時,建議不要僅追求速度,而是尋求平衡,給予翻譯團隊合理的時間,以便他們產出品質優良的翻譯成果。


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弁言FOREWORD

凡百事物。單看不知優劣。不明眞偽。若集合多數同類之事物。陳列眼前。比較之下。誰優誰劣。誰眞誰偽。是非立判。以此例彼。可不言而喻也。蓋近年學習太極拳者衆。出版物日增。一般熱心太極拳者。徬徨歧路。無所適從。所以本書集合各家之名著。作有統系之研究。將不同之點。列表比較。使學者一望而知。各家太極拳略有不同意義之所在。考各家太極拳之源流。均稱係丹士張三峯所傳授。按其名稱拳式。各有變更。或別為老式。或別為新派。或又別為折衷。或多幾手。或少幾式。亦有一式而分數式者。亦有式同而名異者。亦有名同而式殊者。循此以往。再傳數十年。又不知變更至於如何程度也。推究其因。不外各各師傳。稍有出入。無關宏旨。然而初學者不知就裏。如墜五里霧中。眞偽莫辨。懷疑日深。本書集我國名家太極拳架式理論與名稱。闡明眞相。俾研究斯學者有所區別。不為曲學者所蔽。則出奴入主之弊泯矣。

In all things, we each notice that at first we do not know what is superior or inferior, nor understand what is genuine or fake. But once we gather several similar examples before our eyes in order to compare which is superior or inferior, which is genuine or fake, differentiation will naturally be achieved by the way they contrast with each other.
     Nowadays, practitioners of Taiji Boxing are numerous and publications are constantly on the increase. The common enthusiasm for it has led to all sorts of wrong paths and uncertainties. Therefore this book gathers together works by various experts who have made systematic studies [Part Two]. I also present distinctions between them by putting them into a comparative list so that you may understand at a glance where they have had slightly different ideas [Part One, Chapter One, Section Three].
     Examining the origins of the various schools of Taiji Boxing, they all claim it was passed down from the elixirist Zhang Sanfeng. As for the names of the boxing postures, each school has it variations, sometimes older postures, sometimes newer versions, sometimes somewhere in between, some with many techniques, some with fewer techniques. Where one school has one posture, another school may consider it to be several. Postures may be the same but the names are different, or names may be the same but the postures are different. Something was formerly taught one way, but in the course of teaching over several decades, people became unaware of the extent to which changes had been made.
     When we look for the reason for this, we find it is simply because variety of transmission leads to slight inconsistencies, unimportant ones for the most part. However, beginners will not know what lies within. It will be as though they have entered into miles of fog, unable to distinguish between what is real and what is fake, and their doubts will increase by the day. This book collects the postures, principles, and terminology of our nation’s notable Taiji Boxing experts in order to clarify the genuine art, giving students the ability to differentiate instead of misguiding students so as to keep the art inaccessible, and thereby eliminating the error of sectarian bias.

劍學內功小言 A FEW WORDS ABOUT INTERNAL TRAINING FOR LEARNING THE SWORD ART

凡吾人所習之青萍劍。昆吾劍。謂之劍術可。謂之劍學亦可。然而皆外功也。是不可不以內功輔之。必內外兼修。而後劍學乃得以互相調劑。而益臻完美。以上二十七動作。有明亮於眼者。有開通耳竅者。有養氣助肺呼吸者。有益於五臟六腑及腦髓者。要皆內功之要旨。入學之階梯也。九式為劍學之基礎。亦即內功之進階。總之。於手足腰腿各部。有百益而無一害。學者循序以進。自有佳境。勿待編者喋喋也。
We can consider the practice of Qingping Sword and Kunwu Sword to be “sword arts” or “sword knowledge”, but it is in either case external training. Therefore it is necessary to engage in internal training [“nei gong”] to supplement it, for the internal and external must both be cultivated, and then your study of the sword will be properly enriched and fulfilled. The first twenty-seven movements brighten the eyes, open the ears, improve the breathing of the lungs, and benefit the vital organs and the brain. The purpose of the internal training is to provide a stairway into the learning of the sword art. The final nine postures are the basics in a study of the sword, and yet are still a phase of internal training. To your hands, feet, and hips, these exercises will bring countless benefits and not one harm. If you proceed according to the proper sequence, you will discover a beautiful experience for yourself and need not wait for me to tell you what to feel.

中華國術秘傳 少林護山子門羅漢拳圖影SECRET TEACHINGS OF CHINESE MARTIAL ARTS: SHAOLIN MOUNTAIN-GUARDING MIDNIGHT STYLE LUOHAN BOXING ILLUSTRATED

余自垂髫致力拳藝,迄已二十餘年,此二十餘年中曾北走幽燕,西游甘陝,湖海一騎,挾以自豪者,子門羅漢拳亦其一也。此拳余受自第三業師,師法號企岳,系出少林,傳少林當代邁殊大師衣缽,功精內外,余北面執禮躬承提命者凡六年,惜限於天資,未窺堂奧,祇涉蹊徑面已。惟師愛余甚,末後乃以此拳授余,並謂余曰,此乃少林護山法拳,舍達摩點穴拳外,當推翹楚。少林拳藝震天下,然率皆混稱曰少林拳、少林棒,而不知少林系中尚有三乘十二門也。子丑寅卯四門為上乘,辰已午未四門為中乘,申酉戌亥四門為下乘,上乘恃以護山,向不外傳,外傳者僅中乘,而又以午門為多,至上乘中之子門拳,不但拳不外傳,並名亦不使外溢。此拳虎視龍驤,左顧右盼,有雷電飛騰、風雲叱咤之勢,研而精之,當者辟易,今以子天資渾厚、氣度寬大,用以相授,當不致挾以行不逞也,爾其珍之!余受而習之,又將六年,雖未精進,尚多心得。值茲國府提倡國術之際,國術運用,已納於正當途徑,爰為公開之貢獻,演而出之,以供同好,此舉或不致有忤師意也。不然,終恐此大好國術,因年湮代久,漸成廣陵散耳,
霞天謹識
I have devoted myself to boxing arts ever since childhood, more than twenty years. Over the course of these twenty years, I traveled north beyond Hebei west beyond Shaanxi, south and east to the coasts, and to the lakes everywhere in between. Of all that I have learned in my travels, Midnight Style Luohan Boxing is the best.
  I learned this boxing set from my third teacher, the monk Qi Yue [“gazes up at the peak”], who himself learned the Shaolin art from the great master Mai Shu [“walks with distinction”], mastering both the internal and external skills. I had so far applied myself faithfully to the northern arts for six years, but due to my lack of talent, I never really managed to get a proper glimpse of their profundities, only scratching the surface. However, my teacher liked me, and so he decided in the end to go ahead and teach me this boxing set. He told me: “This art is known as Shaolin Mountain-Guarding Boxing. Going beyond Damo’s method of striking acupoints, it will take you the rest of the way into mastery.”
  The Shaolin boxing art has shaken the world, and yet although everyone talks of Shaolin Boxing and Shaolin Staff, nobody knows about Shaolin’s “three levels”, divided into the “twelve styles”. The four styles of Midnight, Post-Midnight, Pre-Dawn, and Dawn are the higher level. The four styles of Post-Dawn, Pre-Noon, Noon, and Post-Noon are the middle level. The four styles of Pre-Dusk, Dusk, Post-Dusk, and Pre-Midnight are the lower level. At the highest level is the Mountain-Guarding set, which is not taught to laymen. Laymen may be taught no higher than the middle level, most commonly the Noon Style. The Midnight Style within the higher level is not only not taught to laymen, it is not even shown to them.
  This set turns in all directions with a dragon’s proud poise and a tiger’s angry glare. It has the energy of a surging storm or a roaring wind. If you study it and become skillful at it, then when you feel pressed to retreat, you can use it to activate your abilities and amplify your bearing. This set ought to be taught, not hidden away as a treasure for oneself. I learned it and have been practicing it for the last six years. Although I have still not mastered it, I have gained much from the experience.
  Now that the government is promoting Chinese martial arts, these arts have been given a better chance at survival. I have therefore decided to publish a book about this boxing set in order to share it with all those who may be interested. I only hope this action will not go against my teacher’s wishes. I simply fear that if I do not share this wonderful martial art, it will gradually slip into oblivion and become as extinct as the notorious Guangling Melody.
  

三才劍圖解 ILLUSTRATED SANCAI SWORD

余少體羸多病,十八患疔幾殆,乃始翟。然從友人習刺擊諸術,已果有效,而是時胥君心一以恆授余以王家拳,王家拳者,縣人王越羣氏字燕舟所剏,習焉者稀矣,惟胥君父兄傳其術獨精,余因詣其家謁其尊人懷澄先生,先生高年耽靜,喜余之至,忽超踊如少壯人,其兄吉六以謙亦出技遍肄之,用相娛樂,余之識吉六自此始,吉六隱市沽間,長不滿七尺,目光炯炯,能為顏真卿書,閒為文,辭簡而有意,望之踆踆焉如不勝衣,詎知其武藝之工如此,又焉能測其意之所至耶。其後余游江南,不相聞者十餘年,值風雨晦明之際,時時念吉六,以為若斯人果遂沉沒而不出耶,乙亥之秋,余館金陵盋山,有持所為書來見者,吉六也,大喜,詢之,則已從張公之江游,朝莫持盈尺之管,為國術館編拳術教本,成書數種矣。今年夏,又以所編三才劍見示,且屬為序。吉六技日專,文日工,不僅能狀其動作之形于外者毫髮無遺憾,又并其精微之意而傳之,雖其胸之所存未必遂止於此,然可藉此稍稍自見於世,余復何恨,惟余讀漢書藝文志,兵家技巧一門所列書目有百九十九篇,其所謂手搏者,疑即拳術劍道者,蓋劍術也,其一時之盛可知已,後世一命為文人,便以習武為羞,而椎魯之夫傳習於里巷,又不能文之以言其動作之意,以廣其流衍,而其用,亦僅限于自衛餬口,未有知為自強保種之資者,近日學校始曉然於體育之重,又但學外國距躍曲踊競走鬥泳蹴鞠擲餅諸術,莫有以此為意者,開設科目,比之附庸而已,夫外國之術或失之激,孱者為之窮力盡氣,顏沮色喪,扶持久而後復,此豈有益於身哉。中國武術,操之愈勤,而功愈見,練之愈熟,而效愈出,運及周身而不滯於方隅,出之和平而無分於強弱,健身之法,莫善於此,寶燕石而棄趙璧者,其為不知類歟。今中央國術館,成立有年,張公提倡于上,奇材異能之士日至,吉六復能文之以辭,一洗往日之陋,吾知國術之興殆不遠矣,若由是而推及寰區,使舉世之人,雲從風行,盡登壽域,豈不懿哉,豈不懿哉。
民國二十五年九月四日愚弟王煥鑣序於浙江大學
When I was young, my body was frail and I was often ill. By the time I had suffered the twentieth boil on my skin, I began to feel alarmed about the situation. I thereupon learned various martial arts from friends, which indeed had an effect on my health, but much more so when I learned Wang Family Boxing from the focused and dedicated Xu Yiqian.
  Wang Family Boxing was created by Wang Yuequn, called Yanzhou, a native of Nantong. Practitioners of it are very rare and Xu’s father passed it down to him alone. I had visited Xu’s father, Xu Huaicheng, because of the achievements of their family. He was already an old man settled into his retirement, but he was happy to receive me and suddenly demonstrated a leap as impressive as that of a robust young man. His eldest son Jiliu, called Yiquan, had also learned many skills for his own enjoyment. My acquaintance with Xu Yiqian thus began because of this.
  Xu is a somewhat reclusive man and does not stand out since he is not remarkably tall, though his eyes are very bright. He is skillful at calligraphy in the style of Yan Zhenqing and he writes compositions in language that is simple and deliberate. He has the unassuming look of a scholar, as though his clothes are about to overwhelm him, and so it is surprising and unexpected for such a man to also be skillful at martial arts.
  I later traveled south of the Yangzte River and lost touch with him for more than ten years due to the distraction of various hardships, though I frequently thought about him and wondered if he had simply vanished into obscurity. In the autumn of 1935, I came to study at the Martial Arts Institute in Nanjing and was delighted to find that Xu Yiqian was there. He had come at the request of Zhang Zhijiang, who was unsatisfied with the Institute’s literary output. Xu has thus been producing boxing arts textbooks, several of which have since been published. In the summer of this year, he showed me his manuscript for the Sancai [“Three Realms”] Sword set, and he urged me to write a preface for it.
  He both practices his skills and writes about them every day, and thus not only are his movements flawless in appearance, he is also able to transmit the deeper ideas of these arts. Instead of being satisfied at having obtained his own understanding, he goes further and shares this material with the world, which seems to me to be quite impeccable conduct.
  I read in the “Bibliographical Records” in the Book of Han that there were a hundred ninety-nine chapters on military skills, among them “six chapters on bare-handed fighting” and “thirty-eight chapters on swordsmanship”, and so we can know that such things already had a strong presence in those early days. However, scholars in later generations became embarrassed to practice martial arts, and it was left to simpler men to pass it down in alleyways. These illiterate men were incapable of writing down the principles in order to further the spread of martial arts. The purpose of these arts was therefore limited to self-defense and bodyguard services, and their value as a means of strengthening the masses was not yet understood.
  Schools have recently come to know the value of physical education, but have only been utilizing foreign forms of exercise, such as: long jump, high jump, running, swimming, soccer, discus throwing, and so on. To start a school without having these things in the curriculum would look downright amateurish. However, foreign exercises are too intense for weaker people, draining all of their energy until they look completely demoralized and then requiring they take a long time to recover. How can this be beneficial for the body?
  The practicing of Chinese martial arts is very different. The more diligently you work at it, the more results you will see, and the more refined your skill becomes, the more the effects will show. It is a means of exercising the whole body rather than overemphasizing any particular part. It is a moderate form of exercise rather than being suitable only for the strong. There is no better method for invigorating the body. Those who do not understand this show a total lack of discernment, like someone who treasures stones from the Kingdom of Yan and discards jade from the Kingdom of Zhao.
  It has now been a good many years since the Central Martial Arts Institute was established. Its director Zhang Zhijiang has been promoting it well and more martial arts masters are drawn to it each day, including Xu Yiqian with his literary skill which will help to wash away the uneducated past that is associated with practitioners. I am sure that a prosperous age for our martial arts is not far away, that they will spread throughout the nation and become so popular that they will live on forever. How marvelous it will be.
  - written by Wang Huanbiao at Zhejiang University, Sep 4, 1936

行功歌訣SONG OF THE EXERCISES

子午卯酉晝夜還。燒酒房事總休貪。輕擊重打有先後。日就月將無斷間。昔人依此成羅漢。我輩學來作奇男。千錘萬鍊猶嫌少。功夫何惜一百天。
Practice at midnight, at noon, at sunrise, at sunset, devoting all of your time to it.
Distractions such as wine and sex should be avoided.
To go from striking lightly to hitting heavily, seeing true progress,
requires working at it day after day and month after month without any interruption.
  It was with this attitude that previous generations created the Luohan Exercises.
If our generation would study it, we would produce remarkable men.
Even thousands of hammerings and smelting would not be enough.
Honestly, how could you expect to achieve skill in just a hundred days?

行功一道。或全用或摘用。皆要淸心寡慾。朝乾夕惕。行時固宜存神固氣。由心經而達於四肢。自時流通略無矯強。即不行時。作止語默。亦須全眞養氣。使無散亂。斯為精行功矣。
In other words, practicing any art, whether some or all of it, requires complete dedication and no vices, and the discipline to work at it all day long. When practicing, there has to be constant spirit and steadfast energy. Guided by the mind, energy reaches to the limbs, flowing naturally and without forcing it to happen. When not practicing, get into a habit of stillness and silence, like a Daoist monk cultivating oneness, keeping you free from distracting disorder. This is the essence of how to practice.